School Exclusion Timeline

Explore our digital school exclusion timeline below, detailing the complete process from pre-exclusion to post-exclusion.

We will continue to develop this resource with links to useful content.

Pre-exclusion

Culture

Well-managed schools create cultures in which pupils and staff can thrive. Schools’ circumstances will vary but every culture should ensure pupils can learn in a calm, safe, and supportive environment and protect them from disruption.

Behaviour policy

Schools with a clear and well-communicated behaviour policy can create a positive and supportive learning environment. It helps make behaviour expectations transparent to all pupils, parents and carers, and staff members.

Early intervention

Schools are required to assess and support students with additional needs and vulnerabilities to ensure they receive the help they require. Early intervention is essential to prevent escalating need and/or risk.

Alternatives to exclusion

Exclusion should be considered only as a last resort, as there are alternative options available to address challenges and avoid exclusion, such as off-site direction and managed moves.

Exclusion process

Decision-making process

Before deciding to exclude a pupil, the headteacher must consider multiple factors. It is essential to conduct a thorough investigation and gather relevant information.

Decision made to exclude

When a pupil is excluded, several steps need to be followed, including informing the pupil's parents or carers of their right to appeal and arranging alternative education.

Appeal: Governing board (1st stage)

Governing boards play a crucial role in deciding whether pupils who have been excluded should be allowed to return to school.

Appeal: Independent Review Panel (2nd stage)

The role of the Independent Review Panel (IRP) is to review the governing board's decision not to reinstate a permanently excluded pupil, assessing whether the exclusion was lawful, reasonable, and procedurally fair.

Post-exclusion

Reintegration

Schools need a clear plan for helping pupils return to school after a suspension and for reintroducing pupils who have been permanently excluded back into mainstream education.

Vulnerabilities

Excluded pupils are particularly vulnerable to exploitation, poor mental health, and falling out of education, employment, and training. They need the right support and resources to help them cope with these challenges.

Review

Schools should regularly assess the number of pupil moves and the characteristics of pupils involved in exclusions, and make adjustments as necessary.

Further resources

View our FAQs, find out about our services and other resources on school exclusions.

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